Por muy controvertido que sea el \u00faltimo paquete de medidas de protecci\u00f3n del clima de Alemania, para la e-movilidad se abre una edad de oro. Despu\u00e9s de todo, su promoci\u00f3n est\u00e1 en el centro de los esfuerzos para reducir las emisiones del sector del transporte. Una visi\u00f3n de conjunto.<\/p>\n
Dado que la Gran Coalici\u00f3n no pod\u00eda decidirse a hacer menos atractivo el uso de veh\u00edculos con motores de combusti\u00f3n interna con un precio elevado del CO2 o incluso a iniciar una eliminaci\u00f3n progresiva de esta tecnolog\u00eda, el pilar central del paquete clim\u00e1tico es la electromovilidad incentivada en el transporte. El Gabinete del Clima acord\u00f3 los siguientes puntos:<\/p>\n
La cifra de un mill\u00f3n de estaciones de recarga para 2030 ha aparecido con m\u00e1s frecuencia en los boletines en los \u00faltimos tiempos. Los expertos consideran completamente excesiva una expansi\u00f3n tan fastuosa de la infraestructura de recarga y, entre bastidores, se lo comunicaron a los pol\u00edticos en varias ocasiones. El programa de protecci\u00f3n del clima, por tanto, s\u00f3lo habla de un total de 1 mill\u00f3n de puntos de recarga, una peque\u00f1a diferencia en el nombre que afecta en gran medida a la v\u00eda de expansi\u00f3n. Dado que la gran mayor\u00eda de las estaciones de recarga ofrecen al menos dos puntos de recarga y las grandes multicargadoras incluso hasta cuatro, el corredor objetivo se hace algo m\u00e1s estrecho. Los programas de financiaci\u00f3n correspondientes continuar\u00e1n hasta 2025. Adem\u00e1s, el Gobierno tiene previsto presentar este a\u00f1o un \"Plan Maestro de Infraestructuras de Columnas de Carga\", que mostrar\u00e1 c\u00f3mo se pueden utilizar tambi\u00e9n medidas reguladoras para crear estaciones de carga en lugares donde \"no se produce una oferta impulsada por el mercado acorde con la demanda\". En otras palabras, los vac\u00edos en las zonas rurales deber\u00edan desaparecer de alguna manera. Por ejemplo, una \"condici\u00f3n de la oferta\" es regular que \"se ofrezcan puntos de recarga en todas las estaciones de servicio de Alemania\". Adem\u00e1s, en caso de \"fallo del mercado regional\", los operadores de la red de distribuci\u00f3n deber\u00edan poder crear una infraestructura de recarga de acceso p\u00fablico. Tambi\u00e9n se anima a los operadores a invertir en la inteligencia y controlabilidad de su red para evitar cuellos de botella locales.<\/p>\n
Para facilitar la instalaci\u00f3n de estaciones de recarga en los aparcamientos de los clientes, el gobierno prev\u00e9 una convocatoria de subvenciones con tarifas reducidas, ya que estos cargadores no estar\u00edan disponibles las 24 horas del d\u00eda. Tambi\u00e9n se promover\u00e1 el uso conjunto de infraestructuras de recarga privadas y comerciales (por ejemplo, en edificios de apartamentos y aparcamientos para empleados), as\u00ed como de estaciones privadas con bonificaci\u00f3n artesanal. Tambi\u00e9n se menciona la reforma de la Ley de Propiedad de Viviendas (WEG) para facilitar el desarrollo de infraestructuras de recarga, por ejemplo en garajes subterr\u00e1neos de viviendas plurifamiliares, y se sustituir\u00e1 el principio de unanimidad por el de mayor\u00eda. Adem\u00e1s, se obligar\u00e1 a los propietarios a tolerar la instalaci\u00f3n de infraestructuras de recarga. Tambi\u00e9n se reducir\u00e1n los obst\u00e1culos. Aqu\u00ed, sin embargo, el paquete clim\u00e1tico se niega a nombrar palabras clave como la conexi\u00f3n acelerada a la red, la seguridad jur\u00eddica en el c\u00e1lculo de las tasas y la controlabilidad\/gesti\u00f3n de la recarga compatible con la red.<\/p>\n
Detalle interesante: Para coordinar mejor la puesta en marcha de la electromovilidad a nivel municipal, estatal y federal, el gobierno va a crear un \"Centro Nacional de Control\" de la electromovilidad. Hasta ahora se ha carecido por completo de un centro de este tipo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Por muy controvertido que resulte el \u00faltimo paquete de medidas de protecci\u00f3n del clima de Alemania, para la e-movilidad se abre una edad de oro. Despu\u00e9s de todo, su promoci\u00f3n est\u00e1 en el centro de los esfuerzos<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":119489,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9935],"tags":[1725,3701,18620,10174,4422,13087,7098,7097,9961,7457,18622,6382,13224,18621,10032],"class_list":["post-119488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","tag-angela-merkel","tag-bev","tag-carbon-tax","tag-charging-stations","tag-co2","tag-ev-quota","tag-fcev","tag-fuel-cell","tag-germany","tag-hev","tag-klimakabinett","tag-phev","tag-public-transport","tag-regulation","tag-subsidies"],"acf":{"inhalt_teil2":"
The climate protection package continues along the already known target corridor of 7 to 10 million registered electric vehicles by 2030. As already announced prior, the company car regulation (keyword: 0.5% rule) for electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids will be extended until 2030. The company car tax for purely electric vehicles is to fall even further up to a price of 40,000 euros – from 0.5% to 0.25%. This will make the electric compact class around the Volkswagen ID.3 even more attractive. However, the exemption from motor vehicle tax will only be extended until 31 December 2025, and the 10-year tax exemption will be limited until the end of 2030.<\/p>\n
The environmental bonus for the purchase of electric cars, plug-in hybrids and fuel cell vehicles is also to be extended beyond 2021 – and even increased for vehicles under 40,000 euros. However, the climate package does not include an actual figure. There is no talk either of an EV quota, which the social democrats (SPD) in particular wanted.<\/p>\n
The Passenger Transport Act is to be amended in such a way that “Federal states and municipalities can set emission requirements for buses, taxis and rental cars”. It would, therefore, be conceivable that large cities such as Berlin or Hamburg would only issue an operating permit for electric vehicles of this type after a certain deadline. Furthermore, the “modernisation and climate-friendly conversion of bus fleets” is to be continued and, in particular, the promotion of buses with electric and fuel cell drives is to be stepped up. Details on this remain missing.<\/p>\n
Truck traffic should also save CO2; by 2030 “about one-third of the mileage in heavy road freight traffic should be electric or run on electricity-based fuels”. The German federal government also wants to expand the infrastructure for electrified trucks, whether with batteries or fuel cells on board, but otherwise remains vague. In the case of the truck toll, climate-friendly drives are to continue to be given preferential treatment, with a CO2 surcharge for the combustion fraction.<\/p>\n
Meanwhile, the German government expects fuel cells to become increasingly crucial for trucks and other heavy commercial vehicles. Therefore, the framework conditions for hydrogen electrolysis and refinery processes for the production of electricity-based climate-neutral gases and fuels are to be improved. “In the medium and long term, hydrogen-based fuel cell technology will also have to be widely applied in the mobility sector”. A national hydrogen strategy should, therefore, be in place by the end of the year.<\/p>\n
The share of inland waterway transport in freight traffic is to increase, and the engines are to be as clean as possible. For this reason, the federal government wants to reduce the levy on shore-side electricity and “temporarily” promote fuels with lower emissions and air pollution. Unlike on the road (with its powerful lobby groups in the background), the Grand Coalition is also daring to use the term “regulatory law” here. It says: “In the case of seaports, an initiative is being launched to introduce a land electricity obligation throughout the EU; in the case of inland ports, national regulation is being examined”. Imagine such statements concerning road traffic…<\/p>\n
The “Altmaier billion” for battery cell production has also found its way into the climate protection programme. “To map the entire value chain of electromobility in Germany and Europe, the establishment of sustainable battery cell factories is being supported,” it says. Furthermore, suppliers are to be supported “with suitable instruments in the forthcoming transformation of their industry”. What exactly this means remains nebulous for the time being.<\/p>\n
Sector linking is to be promoted and existing hurdles lowered. “For this reason, storage facilities will be exempted from existing levies and will be given end-consumer status,” says the climate protection package. Whether this also applies to mobile storage facilities, i.e. electric car batteries, is unclear.<\/p>\n
In addition to an electric car quota, the federal government has not mentioned a reduction in diesel subsidies with a single syllable either. The climate protection package, therefore, only provides carrots (for electric mobility) and refuses the stick. Voluntary action takes precedence over coercion. All will presumably appreciate this gift to the voters, but hardly help climate protection in transport. It hardly initiates a true transport turnaround due to the continued low CO2 prices. After all, a significant part of the transport will be electrified. However, there is every indication that the Federal Government has missed the big step in the transport sector with this climate protection programme out of consideration for the automotive industry and motorists – and that the automobile will continue to be the dominant means of transport.<\/p>\n
>> Peter Schwierz reporting from Berlin.<\/p>\n
reuters.com<\/a>, bundesregierung.de<\/a>, bmu.de<\/a> (pdf, both in German)<\/p>\n"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119488"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119488\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":225557,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119488\/revisions\/225557"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}