La Comisi\u00f3n Europea ha adoptado hoy la Estrategia de la UE para la integraci\u00f3n de los sistemas energ\u00e9ticos y el hidr\u00f3geno. La primera aborda la infraestructura y las redes de recarga, mientras que la Estrategia H2 se centra en los veh\u00edculos pesados y de largo recorrido y en la infraestructura del hidr\u00f3geno.<\/p>\n
La Comisi\u00f3n Europea est\u00e1 utilizando la Estrategia para la Integraci\u00f3n del Sistema Energ\u00e9tico para proponer medidas pol\u00edticas y legislativas concretas a nivel de la UE \"para dar forma gradualmente a un nuevo sistema energ\u00e9tico integrado respetando los diferentes puntos de partida de los Estados miembros.\"<\/p>\n
La Comisi\u00f3n cuenta con que el r\u00e1pido descenso del coste de los veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos los haga competitivos con los veh\u00edculos de motor de combusti\u00f3n en torno a 2025 sobre la base del coste total de propiedad. Dado que el \"Pacto Verde Europeo\" puso de manifiesto la necesidad de intensificar el despliegue de infraestructuras de recarga, la Comisi\u00f3n Europea afirma que esto deber\u00eda comenzar con el objetivo de conseguir al menos un mill\u00f3n de puntos de recarga y repostaje accesibles al p\u00fablico para 2025, as\u00ed como el uso de suministro el\u00e9ctrico en tierra en los puertos.<\/p>\n
Bajo los auspicios del Mecanismo \"Conectar Europa\", la Comisi\u00f3n afirma que emprender\u00e1 una nueva cartograf\u00eda de las oportunidades de financiaci\u00f3n y las iniciativas normativas para el despliegue de infraestructuras de recarga. As\u00ed se abordar\u00e1n los retos a los que se enfrentan los conductores de veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos, como la falta de transparencia de los precios en las estaciones p\u00fablicas de recarga y la falta de interoperabilidad transfronteriza de los servicios de recarga.<\/p>\n
En cuanto a la infraestructura de recarga de veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos en conexi\u00f3n con las redes, la atenci\u00f3n se centrar\u00e1 en la recarga inteligente y en los servicios de veh\u00edculo a red (V2G). La Comisi\u00f3n afirma que esto deber\u00eda gestionar la congesti\u00f3n de la red y \"limitar las costosas inversiones en capacidad de la red\", pero que a\u00fan quedan retos por superar, por ejemplo en lo que respecta al despliegue de \"puntos de recarga inteligentes, normas y protocolos de comunicaci\u00f3n comunes, tarifas de red, fiscalidad y acceso a los datos del veh\u00edculo\".<\/p>\n
Para gestionar mejor las redes de distribuci\u00f3n, se necesitan bater\u00edas dom\u00e9sticas y veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos (\"detr\u00e1s del contador\") en los edificios, afirma la Comisi\u00f3n. Se espera que en 2050 los veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos puedan proporcionar hasta 20% de la flexibilidad necesaria a diario.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
La Comisi\u00f3n Europea ha adoptado hoy la Estrategia de la UE para la integraci\u00f3n de los sistemas energ\u00e9ticos y el hidr\u00f3geno. La primera aborda la infraestructura de recarga y las redes, mientras que la Estrategia H2 se centra<\/p>","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":119173,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9935],"tags":[3701,16822,10174,4422,10799,13871,11274,960,12386,10040,7098,7097,9961,6684,27503,10032,17027,4205],"class_list":["post-135885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","tag-bev","tag-bidirectional-charging","tag-charging-stations","tag-co2","tag-electric-buses","tag-electric-ships","tag-electric-trucks","tag-eu","tag-eu-commission","tag-europe","tag-fcev","tag-fuel-cell","tag-germany","tag-hydrogen","tag-hydrogen-filling-station","tag-subsidies","tag-taxis","tag-v2g"],"acf":{"inhalt_teil2":"
With regard to the logistics sector, in order to facilitate the electrification of road freight transport, the Commission is adamant that other measures are also needed to boost the use of renewable electricity at ports.<\/p>\n
Regarding the electrification of railways, the Commission was somewhat vague, saying only that “further electrification of railways could be explored taking into account its economic viability,” but makes more mention of the decarbonisation of the rail sector in its Hydrogen Strategy.<\/p>\n
The European Commission is now making it clear that the use of hydrogen in transport “should be utilised in cases where electrification is not feasible \u2013 such as local city buses, commercial fleets (e.g. taxis) or specific parts of the rail network.” This should occur in the first phase of the strategy. Overall, the EU Commission is putting emphasis on the use of hydrogen for long-haul and heavy-duty vehicles.<\/p>\n
For hydrogen infrastructure for larger vehicles, this focus brings quite different issues in refuelling infrastructure than, say for personal mobility vehicles. For commercial and public transport fleets, the Commission says that hydrogen stations can be “easily be supplied by regional or local electrolysers, but their deployment will need to build on clear analysis of fleet demand and different requirements for light- and heavy-duty vehicles.” Quite explicitly, the Commission states that “Hydrogen fuel cells should be further encouraged in heavy-duty road vehicles, alongside electrification, including coaches, special purpose vehicles, and long-haul road freight given their high CO2 emissions.”<\/p>\n
And here the Commission picks up where they left off on the rail sector. As a point of departure, the Commission notes that about 46 % of the mainline network is currently still being served by diesel technology, and this, although fuel-cell hydrogen train applications (e.g. Multiple Units) can already be cost-competitive with diesel. Therefore, the Commission summarises that “hydrogen fuel-cell trains could be developed to other viable train commercial routes that are difficult or not cost-effective to electrify.”<\/p>\n
Again taking an impulse from the European Green Deal that highlighted the need to put a price on CO2 emissions in the maritime sector, the Commission says that hydrogen can become an alternative low emission fuel for inland waterways and short-sea shipping. For longer-distance and deep-sea shipping, the Commission deems it necessary to scale up fuel cell power “from one to multiple megawatts and using renewable hydrogen for the production of synthetic fuels, methanol or ammonia \u2013 with higher energy density.”<\/p>\n
In both the aviation and maritime sectors, the Commission sees that hydrogen can become an option in the longer-term through the production of liquid synthetic kerosene or other synthetic fuels. “In the longer-term, hydrogen-powered fuel cells, requiring adapted aircraft design, or hydrogen-based jet engines may also constitute an option for aviation. To realise these ambitions will require a roadmap for the considerable long-term research and innovation efforts, including under Horizon Europe, the Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking and possible initiatives as part of the Hydrogen Alliance.”<\/p>\n
The Hydrogen Strategy will primarily focus on renewable hydrogen, which is mainly produced with wind and solar energy. As the Commission says that this is not possible in the short term, “other forms of low-carbon hydrogen are needed to reduce emissions rapidly and support the development of a viable market”.<\/p>\n
In concrete terms, this means that at least 6 GW of electrolysis capacity is to be installed by 2024, and at least 40 GW between 2025 and 2030. By then, hydrogen should have become an “integral part of our integrated energy system”. By 2030 to 2050, renewable hydrogen technologies should then be mature enough be used on a large scale in sectors that are difficult to decarbonise.<\/p>\n
The Commission also announced today that they will address the use of hydrogen in the transport sector in the upcoming Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy, announced in the European Green Deal that is scheduled for presentation before the end of 2020.<\/p>\n
europa.eu<\/a> (press release), europa.eu<\/a> (EU Strategy for Energy System Integration), europa.eu<\/a> (Hydrogen Strategy)<\/p>\n"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135885"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":222642,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135885\/revisions\/222642"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electrive.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}