La larga espera ha llegado a su fin con la celebraci\u00f3n del D\u00eda de la Bater\u00eda de Tesla, \u00bfy qu\u00e9 hemos obtenido? Silencio, al principio, mientras los espectadores de todo el mundo ve\u00edan la retransmisi\u00f3n sin audio. Despu\u00e9s, obtuvimos algunas de las noticias esperadas con m\u00e1s detalles y ambiciones articuladas, y la promesa de un coche Tesla de 25.000 d\u00f3lares.<\/p>\n
El D\u00eda de la Bater\u00eda de Tesla llevaba en la agenda desde la primavera, cuando primero se retras\u00f3 sin motivo y despu\u00e9s debido a la pandemia que se avecinaba. Cuando por fin se ha celebrado hoy, ha sido con motivo de la reuni\u00f3n anual de accionistas de la empresa. Digamos que la espera aument\u00f3 el suspense.<\/p>\n
He aqu\u00ed lo esencial: Tesla ha confirmado esta noche la producci\u00f3n propia de c\u00e9lulas de bater\u00eda. Las nuevas celdas, denominadas 4860, son m\u00e1s grandes y se afirma que son mejores, entre otras cosas gracias a los avances en la producci\u00f3n. La clave ser\u00e1 el uso de un electrodo seco, que depender\u00e1 principalmente del n\u00edquel, y un dise\u00f1o \"sin pesta\u00f1as\". Las c\u00e9lulas tambi\u00e9n se integrar\u00e1n en el veh\u00edculo como un componente totalmente estructural.<\/p>\n
El objetivo global es un aumento de la autonom\u00eda de hasta 54% y la reducci\u00f3n simult\u00e1nea del precio del kWh en 56% y de la inversi\u00f3n por GWh en 69%. La reducci\u00f3n del coste en 56% pondr\u00eda a Tesla al alcance del precio de la bater\u00eda de $50\/kWh, un an\u00e1lisis instant\u00e1neo<\/a> revelaron nuestros colegas de la consultora P3.<\/p>\n Esta reducci\u00f3n del precio de las bater\u00edas tambi\u00e9n har\u00eda posible la mencionada promesa de Elon Musk de un veh\u00edculo el\u00e9ctrico de 25.000 d\u00f3lares. Calcula que dentro de tres a\u00f1os, si los avances presentados hoy en el D\u00eda de la Bater\u00eda se materializan a tiempo.<\/p>\n Tambi\u00e9n es impresionante el plan a largo plazo de una producci\u00f3n total de bater\u00edas de Tesla de 100 GWh para 2022 y de 3 TWh para 2030 - eso es \"suplementario a lo que compramos a nuestros proveedores habituales\", se apresur\u00f3 a a\u00f1adir el jefe de Tesla.<\/p>\n Elon Musk lo ha dicho antes del gran d\u00eda. En Twitter<\/a>, hab\u00eda asegurado a la expectante multitud hace 24 horas que no pasar\u00eda nada... todav\u00eda. \"Tenemos la intenci\u00f3n de aumentar, no de reducir, las compras de c\u00e9lulas de bater\u00eda a Panasonic, LG y CATL (posiblemente tambi\u00e9n a otros socios). Sin embargo, incluso con nuestros proveedores de c\u00e9lulas yendo a la m\u00e1xima velocidad, todav\u00eda prevemos una escasez significativa en 2022 y m\u00e1s all\u00e1, a menos que tambi\u00e9n tomemos medidas nosotros mismos.\"<\/p>\n As\u00ed que, efectivamente, el D\u00eda de la Bater\u00eda trajo consigo dicho plan de acci\u00f3n. Tesla ha lanzado ambiciosos objetivos tras las conjeturas previas, como es habitual, esta vez seguidos de serios detalles de ingenier\u00eda y posibles avances en la fabricaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n Las nuevas c\u00e9lulas 4680 siguen siendo la mayor novedad, ya que Tesla ha introducido un nuevo formato de celda<\/strong>. Como es habitual, los n\u00fameros designan el tama\u00f1o de las c\u00e9lulas cil\u00edndricas de 46 mm de di\u00e1metro y 80 mm de altura. Seg\u00fan afirman, estas c\u00e9lulas ofrecen seis veces m\u00e1s potencia que las anteriores de Tesla y cinco veces m\u00e1s capacidad energ\u00e9tica. Esto podr\u00eda traducirse en un aumento de la autonom\u00eda de alrededor del 16%, s\u00f3lo con el dise\u00f1o de las c\u00e9lulas, subray\u00f3 Elon Musk.<\/p>\n Dicho dise\u00f1o tambi\u00e9n suprime la pesta\u00f1a, que conecta la c\u00e9lula y lo que alimenta. Y aunque las c\u00e9lulas son m\u00e1s grandes, la eliminaci\u00f3n de la pesta\u00f1a permite que los electrones se desplacen por el interior de la c\u00e9lula m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil y r\u00e1pidamente que en las actuales c\u00e9lulas 2170. \"En realidad, se tiene una longitud de recorrido m\u00e1s corta en una c\u00e9lula grande sin pesta\u00f1a que en una c\u00e9lula m\u00e1s peque\u00f1a con pesta\u00f1as\", dijo Musk.<\/p>\n Es m\u00e1s, Tesla afirm\u00f3 que las c\u00e9lulas \"sin pesta\u00f1as\" acelerar\u00edan el proceso de producci\u00f3n, ya que elimina la necesidad de que las l\u00edneas de producci\u00f3n se detengan para a\u00f1adir las pesta\u00f1as. Aumentar el ritmo de producci\u00f3n ha estado en su agenda desde los d\u00edas de los retrasos de Panasonic. <\/p>\n El aumento de la producci\u00f3n y la eficiencia fue un tema recurrente en la presentaci\u00f3n, pero el tema rector fue la reducci\u00f3n de costes, a todos los niveles. Tesla expuso hoy c\u00f3mo hab\u00eda tratado de mejorar el dise\u00f1o de las c\u00e9lulas, como se ha mencionado anteriormente, la fabricaci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas, los materiales de los \u00e1nodos, los materiales de los c\u00e1todos y la integraci\u00f3n en el veh\u00edculo, cada uno de ellos elemental para el aumento previsto de la autonom\u00eda de hasta 54% y las reducciones simult\u00e1neas del precio del kWh en 56% y de la inversi\u00f3n por GWh en 69%, como se ha mencionado anteriormente.<\/p>\n El \u00faltimo objetivo muestra que Tesla piensa ahora expl\u00edcitamente en Teravatios-hora cuando piensa en producci\u00f3n propia de pilas<\/strong> a largo plazo. Sab\u00edamos que el llamado Ampliaci\u00f3n de Tera<\/a> en las instalaciones de Tesla en Fremont estaba en marcha desde el verano.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" La larga espera ha llegado a su fin con la celebraci\u00f3n del D\u00eda de la Bater\u00eda de Tesla, \u00bfy qu\u00e9 hemos obtenido? Silencio, al principio, mientras los espectadores de todo<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":140127,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9927],"tags":[16771,10230,13682,10914,1486,3203,8980,4684,20738,509],"class_list":["post-140060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-battery-fuel-cell","tag-background","tag-batteries","tag-battery-cells","tag-battery-production","tag-elon-musk","tag-gigafactory","tag-gigafactory-1","tag-nevada","tag-tera","tag-tesla"],"acf":{"inhalt_teil2":" Now it is clear, that the site is host to the new 4680 cell production and likely cathode production and the company stressed they were ramping up manufacturing of these cells already, on the pilot production line. Musk promised “It will take about a year to reach the 10 Gigawatthour capacity,” at the pilot plant. “The actual production plants will be more like 200 GWh over time,” he added.<\/p>\n Still, Musk also added caution when it comes to actual production (this has cost Tesla shares over 6% when voiced ahead of Battery Day) as the trick is in the machine. Said Musk: “Making the machine that makes the machine is vastly harder than the machine itself.” He would repeat this statement during the shareholder meeting multiple times.<\/p>\n The truth of it appeared in the machines helping to make the new electrode for the 4680 cells. The cost reduction is in large parts to come through the previously announced dry electrode technology. It does away with the wet solvent during production and applies the powder directly into the film, as Tesla explained. That is in theory. Musk admitted they had “Still a lot of work to do” on the machine they acquired from Maxwell<\/a> and have revised four times since. “Right now, it’s close to working, but not with a good yield,” added the Tesla boss. He thinks the machine finally enabling large scale production will be revisions number six or seven. “That’s about three years to reach the benefits and one year to scale up fully,” Musk concluded.<\/p>\n Safer footing appeared in the form of the die-cast machines for the Model Y. The so-called Giga Presses<\/a>, also planned for Giga Berlin, allow casting the Model Y body in only two parts and from a new alloy that does not need heat-treating or coating when cast.<\/p>\n This new body now also allows for new battery vehicle integration<\/strong>, so the battery becomes dual use as Tesla noted today: as an energy resource and structural component. Musk explained that the new cell packing directly inside the frame nearly loses the packaging that is not structural to the vehicle. This then allows Tesla to pack more cells and to move them closer to the centre of the car.<\/p>\n Apart from the making, there is the make-up and chemistry of parts like the anode<\/strong>. The company relies on silicone only Musk compared the current issues with silicon anodes with “a cookie that crumbles and gets gooey”. The company claims, however, to have gone back to the raw ingredients, to stay within the image, now mixing the raw silicon without engineering a base metal, to then stabilise the surface with a polymer coating and integrate it with a highly elastic binder. The exact composition remained unclear at this stage.<\/p>\n On the cathode<\/strong> level, the image was of a bookshelf stable enough to keep the books (ions) moving on and off. Tesla plans to use the cheaper nickel primarily and get rid of cobalt in the long-run. The latter is a move many carmakers, including Tesla, have been striving for.<\/p>\n At the same time, Musk put expectations into perspective, also adding that they “don’t want to be constrained by nickel availability”. Instead, there’s a three-tier approach with high nickel cells for the Semi and Cybertruck, with a 2\/3 nickel and 1\/3 manganese mix for “intermediate solutions,” that’s cars and the ion mix for stationary energy solutions.<\/p>\n And this is not too far from Tesla’s supplier reality. Panasonic, for example, combines nickel and cobalt in the current cells. Then some Chinese Model 3 features lithium iron phosphate cells (LFP) from CATL, though cobalt-free as reported<\/a>. Tesla also continues to use NCM-811 cells for the long-range Model 3 in China. The batteries supplied by LG Chem comprise 80 per cent nickel and 10 per cent each cobalt and manganese.<\/p>\n In any case, the search for nickel had intensified in recent weeks with rumours also suggesting Musk was speaking to Canada’s Giga Metal<\/a>. This approach to localising the supply chain again reappeared in the presentation.<\/p>\n Tesla claims to have secured a lithium reserve in Nevada that spans 10,000 acres. The company expect it to hold enough resource on a TWh scale and said it could extract the lithium from the ore using salt and putting the earth back. Details on this process were still missing last night.<\/p>\n The long-term bet is on recycling, in any case. Tesla said they expect recovery rates of 20%, 2.7%, and 2% for nickel, lithium, and cobalt from batteries deployed in its vehicle fleets. Again, there was not much detail and sustainability as a whole had appeared a sensitive issue at the Shareholder Meeting. The Board faced accusations of disregard of human rights across its operations in New York particularly, and across the supply chain in regards to cobalt sourcing. The motion was dismissed, and Musk would later point to the self-administered Impact Report.<\/p>\nHasta el \u00faltimo detalle<\/h3>\n