Un nuevo tipo de tecnolog\u00eda de bater\u00edas denominada \"Deposici\u00f3n Espacial de Capas At\u00f3micas\" (SALD, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) permitir\u00e1 aumentar la capacidad y el rendimiento de carga de los coches el\u00e9ctricos con \"bastante m\u00e1s de 1.000 kil\u00f3metros de autonom\u00eda\". Ya se ha fundado una empresa para la producci\u00f3n en serie de este tipo de c\u00e9lulas.<\/p>\n
El proceso ha sido desarrollado conjuntamente por una empresa holandesa, los Institutos Fraunhofer alemanes y la instituci\u00f3n estatal holandesa de investigaci\u00f3n TNO (Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek u Organizaci\u00f3n Holandesa para la Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica Aplicada). La comercializaci\u00f3n para la producci\u00f3n industrial en serie es responsabilidad de SALD BV (Eindhoven), una empresa fundada espec\u00edficamente para este fin.<\/p>\n
\"Deposici\u00f3n espacial de capas at\u00f3micas\" se refiere a un proceso patentado para aplicar revestimientos a escala industrial tan finos como un solo \u00e1tomo. Trasladado a las pilas, esto significa que el aprovechamiento del material aumenta considerablemente, ya que la reacci\u00f3n electroqu\u00edmica en las pilas s\u00f3lo suele tener lugar en la superficie. El material del interior del componente no participa en la reacci\u00f3n. La proporci\u00f3n de materiales como el cobalto, el n\u00edquel o el manganeso podr\u00eda reducirse al m\u00ednimo si s\u00f3lo hubiera que aplicar una capa extremadamente fina.<\/p>\n
La tecnolog\u00eda SALD b\u00e1sicamente no es nueva y ya se invent\u00f3 en 2008. Es una evoluci\u00f3n de la deposici\u00f3n de capas at\u00f3micas (ALD), que se utiliza, por ejemplo, en la producci\u00f3n de chips inform\u00e1ticos. Sin embargo, el proceso es bastante largo. Con la tecnolog\u00eda SALD, la velocidad de producci\u00f3n puede aumentar entre cinco y diez veces. En el marco de la cooperaci\u00f3n con institutos de investigaci\u00f3n, SALD BV ha conseguido, al parecer, desarrollar una m\u00e1quina de producci\u00f3n relativamente peque\u00f1a y hacer que la tecnolog\u00eda sea aplicable en otros \u00e1mbitos de producci\u00f3n como las bater\u00edas, por ejemplo, o la ropa y los envases con revestimientos at\u00f3micamente finos pero resistentes al desgarro. Con el auge de la electromovilidad, los productos para bater\u00edas parecen ser el \u00e1rea de negocio m\u00e1s prometedora.<\/p>\n
Otras empresas est\u00e1n trabajando en tecnolog\u00edas similares, pero SALD BV quiere ahora poder ampliar r\u00e1pidamente la tecnolog\u00eda a la producci\u00f3n en masa y es la \u00fanica empresa del mundo que lo hace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Un nuevo tipo de tecnolog\u00eda de bater\u00edas denominada \"Deposici\u00f3n Espacial de Capas At\u00f3micas\" (SALD) permitir\u00e1 aumentar la capacidad y el rendimiento de carga de los coches el\u00e9ctricos durante \"bastante m\u00e1s de 1.000<\/p>","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":143402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9927],"tags":[10230,13682,10217,215,9961,9978,21821,13946,10966],"class_list":["post-143440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-battery-fuel-cell","tag-batteries","tag-battery-cells","tag-battery-research","tag-fraunhofer","tag-germany","tag-netherlands","tag-sald","tag-suppliers","tag-tno"],"acf":{"inhalt_teil2":"
SALD says that its batteries not only provide three times the range for electric cars than today’s battery cells, but can also be charged five times faster. This means an electric car can be charged up to 80 per cent in ten minutes and fully charged in 20 minutes.<\/p>\n
According to Frank Verhage, CEO of SALD, battery technology will be able to be installed in electric cars “in 2022\/2023 at the earliest”. The company is already in talks with car manufacturers but does not want to name any names. An IPO in the near future is apparently not planned, but there are said to be “countless inquiries” from investors.<\/p>\n
The SALD batteries are basically lithium-ion batteries, although the company speaks of a “further development of today’s lithium-ion technology”. After all, it is not the cell chemistry that is fundamentally changed, but rather the production process with the coating method. According to the company, its own technology works with both liquid electrolytes and solid-state batteries.<\/p>\n
The company says that “SALD technology is working with, for example, the new lithium iron phosphate batteries that Tesla has announced for its latest low-cost Model 3 in China”. Verhage also mentions Tesla Battery Day: “It is the same insight that battery cells need to be fundamentally enhanced by significantly improving the ion flow between cathode and anode to achieve breakthrough advances”.<\/p>\n
The nanocoating will create an “artificial solid-electrolyte interphase” (A-SEI), which is expected to offer significantly better performance than previous SEIs. As a result, durability, safety and capacity will be significantly increased. “As a result, an electric car will be able to drive well over 1,000 kilometres with smaller batteries or even over 2,000 kilometres with larger battery packs in the future without recharging,” says Verhage. However, this is not a “theoretical range record”, but rather the worst-case scenario: even with “sporty, dynamic driving and air conditioning or heating”, such a vehicle should have a residual charge of 20 to 30 per cent.<\/p>\n
The company itself has its roots in solar technology: According to the company’s homepage, SALD is a spin-off of SoLayTec, which has developed and sold a similar coating process for the mass production of solar panels. The machines are therefore mainly used in China. For the battery coating, SoLayTec has worked closely with Fraunhofer institutes and the TNO. However, it is not clear from the homepage how exactly the ownership of SALD BV is divided.<\/p>\n