Un equipo de la Universidad T\u00e9cnica de M\u00fanich (TUM) ha logrado fabricar una bobina hecha de hilos superconductores que puede transmitir una potencia de m\u00e1s de cinco kilovatios sin contacto y sin grandes p\u00e9rdidas. Entre sus posibles aplicaciones se encuentran los veh\u00edculos o incluso los aviones. <\/p>\n
Los sistemas de carga inductiva para veh\u00edculos no son b\u00e1sicamente nuevos, pero a\u00fan no han sido ampliamente aceptados, en parte porque hasta ahora ha faltado una norma. Adem\u00e1s de este problema y de las p\u00e9rdidas de carga en la transmisi\u00f3n de energ\u00eda sin contacto, los investigadores de la TUM han identificado otra desventaja: el hecho de que los sistemas de transmisi\u00f3n disponibles actualmente son \"grandes y pesados\" a niveles de potencia elevados a partir del rango del kilovatio, ya que se basan en bobinas de cobre.<\/p>\n
El equipo dirigido por los f\u00edsicos Christoph Utschick y Rudolf Gross ha logrado ahora desarrollar una soluci\u00f3n correspondiente basada en hilos superconductores en el marco de una cooperaci\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n con las empresas W\u00fcrth Elektronik eiSos y Theva D\u00fcnnschichttechnik. Entre otras cosas, se supone que esta soluci\u00f3n ser\u00e1 m\u00e1s ligera y, como se ha mencionado, transmitir\u00e1 los cinco kW \"sin grandes p\u00e9rdidas\", aunque la eficacia no se ha cuantificado con precisi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
Para llegar a un prototipo funcional, los investigadores y sus socios industriales tuvieron que resolver varios problemas. Uno de ellos era que, incluso en las bobinas de transmisi\u00f3n superconductoras, hay peque\u00f1as p\u00e9rdidas de corriente alterna. Aumentan con el incremento de la potencia de transmisi\u00f3n y tienen la fatal consecuencia de que la temperatura superficial de los cables superconductores aumenta y la superconductividad se rompe.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Un equipo de la Universidad T\u00e9cnica de Munich (TUM) ha logrado fabricar una bobina hecha de hilos superconductores que puede transmitir una potencia de m\u00e1s de cinco<\/p>","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":151313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9933],"tags":[10174,9961,10378,22765,11238,22767],"class_list":["post-151363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy-infrastructure","tag-charging-stations","tag-germany","tag-inductive-charging","tag-theva","tag-tu-munich","tag-wurth"],"acf":{"inhalt_teil2":"
This was solved by specially developed spacers that separate the individual turns of the coil from each other. “This trick significantly reduces the AC losses in the coil,” says Christoph Utschick. “As a result, transmission powers up into the kilowatt range are achievable.” However, the spacers led to a new conflict of goals: if they made the distance between the turns of the superconducting coil small, the coil became very compact, but the researchers risked a breakdown of the superconductivity during operation. Larger distances, on the other hand, lead to lower power density.<\/p>\n
“We optimised the distance between the individual windings using analytical and numerical simulations,” says Utschick. “The separation is approximately equal to half the width of the tape conductor.” The researchers now want to work on further increasing the transmittable power.<\/p>\n
On the way to a possible practical application of the superconducting induction charging coil, another problem must be solved: cooling. The superconductors must be permanently cooled with liquid nitrogen to maintain their conductivity. But the cooling vessels cannot be made of metal. Otherwise, they would be heated in the coils’ magnetic field \u2013 such cooling systems are not yet commercially available, according to Rudolf Gross. “This still requires extensive development efforts,” says the professor of technical physics at TU Munich. “However, the work represents a major advance for contactless energy transfer of large powers.”<\/p>\n
Utschick sees industrial robots, autonomous transport vehicles or high-tech medical devices, for example, as possible areas of application for the development. In addition to use in road traffic, inductive charging of electric racing vehicles on the track or autonomous electric aircraft is also conceivable, says the TUM researcher.<\/p>\n