China tightens energy consumption rules for electric vehicles
China has become the first country in the world to introduce legally binding energy consumption limits for electric vehicles (EVs), with the new standard applying immediately to all newly produced models. This mandatory regulation replaces previous non-binding guidelines, marking a significant shift in the country’s approach to electromobility.
According to Chinese media, the new standard tightens energy consumption requirements by approximately 11% compared to the previous recommendations. It also introduces differentiated indicators to account for variations in vehicle usage scenarios and technical solutions.
For electric vehicles with a curb weight of around two tonnes, the maximum permissible energy consumption is set at 15.1 kWh per 100 km under the Chinese CLTC cycle. This cycle typically yields significantly lower figures than the WLTP cycle used in Europe. While there is no exact conversion formula, this value is estimated to correspond to roughly 18 to 19 kWh per 100 km under the WLTP standard. It is also important to note that the maximum limit varies depending on the vehicle’s weight. For example, lighter compact cars such as the BYD Dolphin, which weigh around 1.5 tonnes, face even stricter energy consumption limits.
Market data indicates that many new electric vehicles already meet the upcoming limits. For instance, the Tesla Model Y, with a curb weight of just over 1.8 tonnes, consumes between 11.2 and 13.4 kWh per 100 km under the CLTC cycle, depending on the variant. Similarly, the Xiaomi SU7, weighing approximately 1,980 kg, records an energy consumption of 12.3 kWh/100 km, while the Luxeed R7, a mid-to-large SUV weighing 2,180 kg, consumes 13.2 kWh/100 km.
However, older models may require significant modifications to comply with the new standards. Vehicles that exceed the limit will need adjustments to their powertrain, software, or structure. If such modifications are not feasible, manufacturers may be forced to withdraw these models from the market and replace them with newly developed alternatives.
The new energy consumption requirements are also tied to incentives for buyers. Pure battery-electric passenger cars must comply with the mandatory limits to remain eligible for tax exemptions, ensuring that fiscal policy aligns with regulatory efficiency targets.
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